How the queue works, in plain language.
- What is a priority date?
- Your priority date is the date the government received the first step of your green card case — normally the PERM labour certification, or the I-140 petition where no PERM is required. It's your place in the queue. Because employment-based green cards are capped per country each year, applicants born in India wait far longer than most, and the Visa Bulletin publishes each month how far down the queue the government has reached.
- What's the difference between Final Action Dates and Dates for Filing?
- Dates for Filing is the earlier of the two: when your priority date is before it, you may submit your adjustment-of-status application (Form I-485). Final Action Dates is when a green card can actually be approved and issued. So Dates for Filing lets you get in the door — and with it work and travel permission — while Final Action decides when you can finish.
- Which chart should I use this month?
- USCIS decides each month which of the two charts applies to adjustment-of-status filings, and publishes that decision on its Visa Bulletin page. Always confirm there before filing — the Visa Bulletin publishes both charts, but only the one USCIS names applies to your filing that month.
- What do 'Current' and 'Unavailable' mean?
- 'Current' (shown as C in the bulletin) means there's no backlog for that category — every qualifying applicant can move ahead regardless of priority date. 'Unavailable' (U) means no visa numbers are being issued in that category this month, usually because the annual limit has been used up; it normally reopens when the new fiscal year begins on 1 October.
- Why did my date move backwards?
- That's called retrogression. When more people apply in a category than there are visas available, the government moves the cut-off date backwards to slow approvals to the legal limit. It's normal, it's usually temporary, and it doesn't cancel a pending application — but it can delay approval, sometimes by months or years.
- How often is this tracker updated?
- The U.S. State Department publishes the Visa Bulletin monthly, usually a couple of weeks before the month it covers. This page reflects the most recent published bulletin for India's employment-based categories, and shows the movement against the previous month.
NRI Herald reports the published bulletin; we are not immigration lawyers and this page is not legal advice. For your own case, check USCIS and the official Visa Bulletin, or speak to a qualified attorney.